Constitution of Medina

The Constitution of Medina (622 CE) was a written agreement between Prophet Muhammad and the communities of Medina — Muslim emigrants, Muslim Medinan tribes, and several Jewish tribes — establishing mutual obligations, collective defense, and a framework for resolving disputes.

The second holiest city in Islam, where Prophet Muhammad established the first Islamic state after the Hijra in 622 CE. Home to the Prophet's Mosque and his burial place, Medina served as the capital of the early Islamic community.