Education

Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam served as India's eleventh President (2002–2007) and was a principal architect of the country's missile programme and a coordinator of the 1998 nuclear tests. A DRDO and ISRO scientist, he became a symbol of Indian scientific aspiration.

Nana Asma'u bint Usman dan Fodio was a 19th-century West African scholar, poet, and educator in the Sokoto Caliphate. Daughter of Usman dan Fodio, she wrote prolifically in Arabic, Fulfulde, and Hausa, and established an innovative women's education network across West Africa.