Zakat

The Five Pillars of Islam are the five obligatory acts of Muslim practice: the shahada, the five daily prayers, the zakat, the fast of Ramadan, and the pilgrimage to Mecca for those able to make it. They are named together in the Hadith of Gabriel.

The Ridda Wars (632–633 CE / 11–12 AH) were campaigns led by the first caliph Abu Bakr to suppress rebellions across Arabia after the Prophet's death, ranging from refusal of zakat to apostasy. Fought under commanders such as Khalid ibn al-Walid, they reunified Arabia under Medinan authority.

Zakat is the obligatory charitable giving that constitutes the third pillar of Islam. A fixed percentage of wealth given annually to specified recipients, it purifies wealth, supports the needy, and embodies Islamic principles of economic justice.