Battle of Hunayn

Abbas ibn Abd al-Muttalib (c. 566-653 CE) was the Prophet Muhammad's uncle who protected him from within Mecca, facilitated the conquest, and became the ancestor of the Abbasid dynasty that ruled the Islamic world for five centuries.

Abu Sufyan ibn al-Harith ibn Abd al-Muttalib, a first cousin of Prophet Muhammad, fought against the Muslims at Badr, converted on the eve of the conquest of Mecca after the Prophet at first refused to receive him, and was one of only two men who stood their ground beside the Prophet at Hunayn.

The Battle of Hunayn (630 CE) was fought a month after the conquest of Mecca between the Muslims and a coalition of the Hawazin and Thaqif tribes. A near-disastrous ambush was reversed into a decisive Muslim victory, followed by the siege of Ta'if and a generous distribution of captives and spoils.

Halima bint Abi Dhu'ayb al-Sa'diyya, of the Banu Sa'd ibn Bakr, was the Bedouin wet-nurse who raised the infant Prophet Muhammad in the desert. Her tribe's foster-tie to him shaped his clemency toward Hawazin captives at the Battle of Hunayn decades later.