Qira'at

The standardization of the Quran under Caliph Uthman (644–656 CE) was a defining act of early Islam. Undertaken around 650 CE to address regional differences in recitation, it produced the Uthmanic codex that became the basis for all later manuscripts used by Muslims worldwide.

The Quran is the scripture of Islam, held by Muslims to be the speech of Allah revealed to Prophet Muhammad over some twenty-three years. It comprises 114 surahs and, in the Egyptian standard edition, 6,236 verses.